Germanium has an atomic number of 32, meaning each atom contains 32 protons in its nucleus.
The standard atomic weight of germanium is 72.630 u (unified atomic mass units).
Germanium is classified as a metalloid.
Germanium is a solid at 20 Β°C (68 Β°F).
The melting point of germanium is 938.25 Β°C / 1211.4 K.
The boiling point of germanium is 2832.85 Β°C / 3106 K.
The density of germanium is 5.32 g/cmΒ³ (20Β°C).
Germanium has a Pauling electronegativity of 2.01.
The electron configuration of germanium is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2.
Germanium commonly exhibits the following oxidation states: β4, +2, +4.
Germanium was discovered in 1886 by Clemens Winkler.
Germanium is a stable element with no naturally occurring radioactive isotopes.
No confirmed essential biological role.
Germanium is used for: Fiber optics; Infrared optics; Semiconductors; Solar cells.