Compound interest describes growth or decay when the percentage is applied each period to the previous value.
$$A=P\times\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^{t}$$
where,
Aβ final value;
Pβ initial value;
rβ periodic growth rate (percent);
tβ number of periods.
$$A=P\times\left(1-\frac{r}{100}\right)^{t}$$
where,
Aβ final value;
Pβ initial value;
rβ periodic decay rate (percent);
tβ number of periods.
Compound interest is growth where each new period is calculated from the previously accumulated value.
For compound growth, the formula is A = P x (1 + r / 100) raised to t.